![]() ![]() Crew split into two teams to perform around-the-clock research. STS-65 marked second flight of International Microgravity Laboratory (IML-2), carrying more than twice the number of experiments and facilities as IML-1. Payload Specialist Chiaki Mukai became the first Japanese woman to fly in space she also set the record for the longest flight to date by a female astronaut. ![]() Mission Duration: 14 days, 17 hours, 55 minutes, 00 seconds Landing Site: Kennedy Space Center, Florida Mission: International Microgravity Library (IML-2) Blaine Hammond Jr., Mission Specialists Jerry M. During six-hour, 15-minute EVA, they tested new backpack called Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER), designed for use in event crew member becomes untethered while conducting an EVA.Ĭrew consisted of Commander Richard N. Mission Specialists Lee and Meade completed the 28th EVA of the Space Shuttle Program on Sept. LITE science program is part of NASA's Mission to Planet Earth. Sixty-five groups from 20 countries are making validation measurements with ground-based and aircraft instruments to verify LITE data. Sites studied included atmosphere above northern Europe, Indonesia and the south Pacific, Russia and Africa. Unprecedented views were obtained of cloud structures, storm systems, dust clouds, pollutants, forest burning and surface reflectance. LITE instrument operated for 53 hours, yielding more than 43 hours of high-rate data. First spaceflight of lidar was highly successful technology test. LITE payload employs lidar, which stands for light detection and ranging, a type of optical radar using laser pulses instead of radio waves to study Earth's atmosphere. extravehicular activity (EVA) in 10 years. STS-64 marked first flight of Lidar In-space Technology Experiment (LITE) and first untethered U.S. Mission Duration: 10 days, 22 hours, 49 minutes, 57 seconds Flying for fourth time on the shuttle, MAPS is designed to measure global distribution of carbon monoxide.Ĭrew consisted of Commander Michael A. Special readings were taken with another SRL element, Measurement of Air Pollution from satellites (MAPS), to gain better understanding of carbon monoxide emissions from burning forest. Mission also took advantage of opportunity to study fires set in British Columbia, Canada, for forest management purposes. Also tested was ability of SRL-2 imaging radars, Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C (SIR-C) and X- band Synthetic Aperture Radar (X-SAR), to discern difference between such human-induced phenomena as an oil spill in the ocean and naturally occurring film. Besides repeating data takes over same locations as on first flight, unusual events also imaged, including erupting volcano in Russia and islands of Japan after earthquake there. SRL-2 was activated on flight day one, and around-the-clock observations conducted by astronauts split into two teams. ![]() Flying SRL during different seasons allowed comparison of changes between first and second flights. ![]() STS-68 marked second flight in 1994 of Space Radar Laboratory (first flight was STS-59 in April), part of NASA's Mission to Planet Earth. Mission Duration: 11 days, 5 hours, 46 minutes, 8 seconds Landing Site: Edwards Air Force Base, Calif. Brown Jr., Payload Commander Ellen Ochoa, Mission Specialists Scott E. During mission, crew divided into two teams for around-the-clock research.Ĭrew consisted of Commander Donald R. ATLAS-3 and CRISTA-SPAS considered as joint mission with single set of science objectives. Also considered a primary payload was the Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmosphere-Shuttle Pallet Satellite (CRISTA-SPAS), continuing joint NASA-German Space Agency (DARA) series of scientific missions. No other collection of space-based instruments provides same extensive range of atmospheric measurements. Seven instruments on the Atmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Science-3 (ATLAS-3) also flew on first two ATLAS flights. STS-66 further advanced comprehensive effort to collect data about sun's energy output, chemical makeup of the Earth's middle atmosphere, and how these factors affect global ozone levels. ![]()
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